This paper presents a study of the computer game ?Minesweeper?. The aim of the game is to search through a rectangular area of mined squares without hitting any mines. By using a strategy based on making every operation as safe as possible, series of the game have been simulated. The size of the playground is four times four squares.

Det här arbetet behandlar en del av Carl Friedrich Gauss livsverk. En historisk bakgrund om vetenskap ges från Euklides Elementa och om vetenskap från 1500?1800-talet. En inblick i Gauss barndom och ungdom samt hans liv och skolning,och vidare hans universitetstid beskrivs där fokus läggs på en 17-sidors regelbunden månghörning Gauss konstruerade utifrån Euklides teorier i Elementa. Gauss doktorsavhandling om Algebrans fundamentalsats från 1799 och dess bevis gås igenom.

Denna uppsats ger en bild av Carl Friedrich Gauss som människa och matematiker. Några av hans kända arbeten främst inom matematik behandlas, men även inom närliggande vetenskapsområden presenteras. Icke-euklidisk geometri, primtalssatsen och algebrans fundamentalsats avhandlas. Uppsatsen tar upp delar av Gauss omfattande verk Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, främst avsnitt V, som behandlar kvadratiska former. Ur övriga delar av Disquisitiones Arithmeticae ges några korta presentationer, som får representera berörda avsnitt..

I denna uppsats presenteras grundläggande delar av hyperbolisk geometri. Uppsatsen är indelad i två kapitel. I första kapitlet studeras Möbiusavbildningar på Riemannsfären. Andra kapitlet presenterar modellen av hyperbolisk geometri i övre halvplanet H, skapad av Poincaré på 1880-talet.Huvudresultatet i uppsatsen är Gauss ? Bonnét´s sats för hyperboliska trianglar..

I detta kandidatarbete undersöker och jämför vi två olika metoder för att approximera gauss- och medelkrökningen hos en yta i rummet som är given som en mängd av punkter. Det är viktigt att försöka få en bra analogi mellan diskret krökning och analytisk krökning då man ofta startar med en mängd punkter i de praktiska fallen, som t ex i tillverkningsindustrin, igenkänning av objekt (inscannade bilder) och datorgrafik. Givet dessa punkter och en bra approximation av gauss- och medelkrökningen kan man få mer information om ytans geometri och beteende.För att kunna förstå dessa begrepp och metoder/algoritmer så behandlas först den bakomliggande teorin och sedan metoderna.Den första metoden är att återge ytan med hjälp av Bézierytor, vilka vi kan utföra geometriska operationer på utan problem och även få fram gauss- och medelkrökningen.Den andra metoden kommer från artikeln ``Discrete Differential-Geometry Operators for Triangulated 2-Manifolds'' av Mark Meyer, Mathieu Desbrun, Peter Schröder och Alan H. Barr. Deras approximationer av krökningarna kräver en triangulering av ytan, vilket de inte ger någon algoritm för.

In the country of Jordan, egg production is very important economically, but several bacte-ria are involved in food borne diseases transmitted from eggs or other poultry products. The most important are Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli. In Jordan two different housing systems are used for hens in large scale egg production; con-ventional cages and litter floor systems. Eggs from four different farms were analysed and compared to see if a difference could be found regarding the presence of pathogenic bacte-ria on the egg surfaces between these two systems. Total number of aerobic bacteria was analysed, the presence of Salmonella spp., C.

Jordan is a developing country and there are ten Palestine refugee camps throughout Jordansince the Arab-Israel conflict in 1948 and the Arab-Israel war in 1967. The camps are run byUnited Nation Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)which is the main provider of health care in the camp. Today, the fourth generation ofrefugees lives in the camps which are extremely overpopulated. The social and economicconditions in the camps are poor. The nurses' workload in the Health care centre in the campis getting harder and UNRWA's resources are getting strained due to funding shortfalls.

This study was carried out in Jordan with the purpose to investigate the bacterial microflora of egg shells from cage systems and from deep litter floor systems. Another aim wasto get a general impression of the hygiene, at farm level, of egg production in Jordan andthe factors affecting it.Eggs from two cage systems and three floor systems were analyzed, regarding bacterialcontamination of the egg shells. Egg samples were taken from the storage room, the eggcradle in the cage system and from the nest and floor in the floor system. To get a generalimpression of the hygiene at the farms, swab tests and air tests were performed. Swab testswere performed with a sterile cotton swab at the same units as the eggs were sampled andair tests were performed by opening petri dishes where the hens were staying.

In the country of Jordan, egg production is very important economically, but several bacte-ria are involved in food borne diseases transmitted from eggs or other poultry products. The most important are Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli. In Jordan two different housing systems are used for hens in large scale egg production; con-ventional cages and litter floor systems. Eggs from four different farms were analysed and compared to see if a difference could be found regarding the presence of pathogenic bacte-ria on the egg surfaces between these two systems. Total number of aerobic bacteria was analysed, the presence of Salmonella spp., C.

In 2011 the International Accounting Standards Board issued amendments to IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The new standard is effective from January 1st 2013 and one of the largest changes in the standard is the elimination of the corridor method. Through the corridor method companies had the possibility to defer actuarial gains and losses resulting from their defined benefit obligations (pension obligations) and leave them unrecognized off the balance sheet. According to the new standard companies reporting under International Financial Reporting Standards will have to recognize all actuarial gains and losses immediately in other comprehensive income. The aim of this thesis is to examine how the financial key ratios of Swedish listed companies will be affected by the elimination of the corridor method.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe the post-operative care during the three first days for patients who have undergone colorectal surgery according to ERAS care programs with a focus on the variables nutrition, elimination, activity, type of analgesia and the number of hospital days documented in the patient record and patient log books. ERAS means "Early Recovery After Surgery" and the purpose of the health care program is to accelerate recovery after colorectal surgery. The study had a descriptive design and a quantitative approach, in which 51 patient records were included. Log books and patient records were reviewed postoperatively. According to the log books estimated most of the patients, who had documented, that they ate and drank very good or good.

The aim for this thesis is to study the international gender equality work from a perspective of the concept of universalism and particularism, with the United Nation?s Declaration of Human Rights, and especially -?The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women?, in focus. The shadowreports of Namibia and Sweden are used as examples of how countries with different historical, political and social contexts are working with gender equality.A theroetical framework is constitued by theories as postmodernism, postcolonialism and feminism with basis from social constructionism. The thesis is methodological influenced by Critical Discourse Analysis. Notions from former studies were also used as tools in the analysis.

Studiens problemområde handlar om konflikthantering och är en undersökning som behandlar hur sju lärare förhåller sig till fenomenet ute på fältet. Urval av ämnet konflikthantering valdes eftersom det ses en relevant för läraryrket, med anknytning till tidigare erfarenheter från den verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen och tomrummet i teoretiska kunskaper i hur lärare skall hantera konflikter i utbildningen. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på om det används några eventuella konfliktmodeller i skolan utifrån lärares uppfattningar och beskrivningar om hur de hanterar konflikter. Studiens tillvägagångssätt att samla material på är den kvalitativa ansatsen enkätundersökning. Fem grundskolor i Västra Götaland kontaktades genom email, lärarnas skriftliga svar kommer att diskuteras utifrån tidigare forskning.

The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of the Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, CEDAW, in Uppsala local council and county council. The aim is to examine how the respondents, in their daily work, understand and implement the convention as well as how they consider the prerequisites for a successful implementation. The study was conducted using qualitative interviews with three civil servants and four politicians. The theoretical approach was implementation theory whose concepts willingness, comprehension and capability were used as tools for the analysis. The results portray CEDAW as a well-known treaty amongst the respondents but at the same time absent in local politics and everyday work.

Since the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was adopted in 1979 there has been evident progress in the area of women's rights in great parts of the world, although this progress is still foremost concentrated to the Westernhemisphere. In Argentina, the work with gender equality and women's rights set of strongly during the last decade. The country has ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishmentand Eradication of Violence against Women "Convention of Belem Do Para" but still women and girls are victims of structural discrimination and serious impunity of their rights on a daily basis.The current situation proves that the positive changes within the context of international and national law do not necessary reach out to the population to the same extent. In the light of the lacking popular involvement and knowledge of their rights, a different type of solution is desirable. Therefore it would be of interest to examinate the role of Non Governmental Organisations (NGO:s) when it comes to implementing human rights in the society and ?the every day life?.